On October 20, 1883, in the coastal village of Ancón some 20 miles north of Lima, representatives of the two nations signed a peace treaty in which Peru ceded the southern Department of Tarapacá to Chile and the occupation of the provinces of Arica and Tacna by Chile for a period
of ten years, when a plebiscite would be
held to decide the final fate of these
two regions. The treaty was finally
ratified by the congresses of both
nations on March 28, 1884. (However, the plebiscite in Arica and Tacna did not take place until 1929, after mediation and under the auspices of the U.S. At
that time, Arica voted to remain
with Chile and Tacna voted to return to Peru.)